Cornelian cherry has many regional cultivars which differ between each other in physical properties (i.e., shape, fruit color, etc.) as well as nutrient composition. Cornus mas is also a traditional component of liquors, jams, comfitures and other fruit-based products. These compounds are linked with intense radical scavenging potential and antitumour properties. Significant amounts of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and iridoids were identified in the fruits and leaves of the Cornelian cherry. Cornus mas is famous for being a rich source of vitamin C and polyphenols. The fruits are usually harvested when their peel color becomes very intense and the flavor develops to an acceptable limit. Klimenko states that one wild-growing bush of Cornelian cherry can yield 2.8–10 kg of fruit, whereas yield reaches 80 kg per bush for trees cultivated in an orchard. Fruit harvest yields 500–1000 kg per hectare in the case of wild-growing plants, but in orchards the yield can increase even fivefold. The weight of the Cornelian cherry’s fruit ranges from 2.09 to 9.17 g, depending on the plant genotype and cultivation conditions. Fruits are edible with an oval or pear-like shape and ranging in color from red to purple. Cornelian cherry trees reach 7–8 m in height and can grow in temperate climate on drained soils. The Cornelian cherry, also known as dogwood, is a plant that grows in the east and south regions of Europe and in West Asia. This paper presents the results of current studies including their synthesis to answer the question whether the Cornelian cherry exhibits positive properties due to its bioactive compound content. mas leaves in functional food applications. However, there is no information in existing literature about C. mas fruits as a food component has been determined in numerous papers focused on functional food. Cornus mas fruits and their extracts have been found to have significant antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. The functional properties of Cornelian cherry have been recognized in many in vitro and toxicological studies. The antioxidant behavior as well as the composition significantly depends on the cultivar of the plant and its genotype. These features are driven by the rich polyphenolic composition, with anthocyanins and iridoids in Cornelian cherry fruits as well as flavonoids and phenolic acids in leaves. Its green leaves and reddish oval fruits are associated with many beneficial properties such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Cornus mas, also known as the Cornelian cherry, is a plant that grows in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.
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